Note 9 – Debentures

The carrying amount of all outstanding debentures as of June 30, 2018 (unaudited), and December 31, 2017 is as follows:

Payment on all outstanding debentures as of June 30, 2018 is due as follows:

February 2017 Offering

On February 2, 2017, the Company issued $1.6 million aggregate principal amount of Original Issue Discount Convertible Debentures due three months from the date of issuance (the “February Debentures”) and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,667 shares of common stock, which can be exercised at any time after August 17, 2017 at an exercise price of $38.70 per share (the “February Warrants”), to an accredited investor for a purchase price of $1.5 million. On March 21, 2017, the February Debentures were exchanged for $2.5 million of exchange debentures as more fully discussed below.

March 2017 Offerings

On March 21, 2017, the Company issued $10.85 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue Discount Convertible Debentures due March 21, 2019 (the “Convertible Debentures”). The Company received net proceeds from this transaction in the approximate amount of $8.4 million. The Company used $3.8 million of the net proceeds to repay a loan from Mr. Diamantis as more fully discussed in Note 10 and $0.75 million of the net proceeds to make the partial repayment on the TCA Debenture. The remainder of the net proceeds were used for general corporate purposes. In conjunction with the issuance of the Convertible Debentures, the holder of the February Debentures exchanged these debentures for $2.5 million of new debentures (the “Exchange Debentures” and, collectively with the Convertible Debentures, the “March Debentures”) on the same terms as, and pari passu with, the Convertible Debentures and warrants. The Company recorded non-cash interest expense in the amount of $0.4 million as a result of this exchange. Additionally, the holders of an aggregate of $2.2 million stated value of the Company’s Series H Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series H Preferred Stock”) exchanged such preferred stock into $2.7 million principal amount of Exchange Debentures and warrants. The March Debentures contain a 24% original issue discount, have no regularly scheduled interest payments except in the event of a default and have a maturity date of March 21, 2019.

In connection with the March Debentures the Company issued warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to several accredited investors. At June 30, 2018, these warrants were exercisable into an aggregate of approximately 28.3 billion shares of common stock. The warrants were issued to the investors in three tranches, Series A Warrants, Series B Warrants and Series C Warrants (collectively, the “March Warrants”). At June 30, 2018, the Series A Warrants are exercisable for 10.4 billion shares of the Company’s common stock. They are immediately exercisable and have a term of exercise equal to five years. At June 30, 2018, the Series B Warrants are immediately exercisable for 7.5 billion shares of the Company’s common stock and were initially exercisable for a period of 18 months. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company extended the exercise period for 90 days and recorded an additional discount on the March Debentures of approximately $0.3 million as a result of the extension. The Series C Warrants are exercisable for 10.4 billion shares of the Company’s common stock and have a term of five years provided such warrants shall only vest if, when and to the extent that the holders exercise the Series B Warrants. At June 30, 2018, the Series A, Series B and Series C Warrants each have an exercise price of $0.0018 per share, which reflects adjustments pursuant to their terms. The Series A, Series B and Series C Warrants are subject to “full ratchet” and other customary anti-dilution protections.

The March Debentures are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, at a conversion price which has been adjusted pursuant to the terms of the March Debentures to $0.0018 per share as of June 30, 2018, due to prices at which the Company has subsequently issued shares of common stock. The Convertible Debentures began to amortize monthly commencing on the 90th day following the closing date. The Exchange Debentures began to amortize monthly on the closing date. On each monthly amortization date, the Company may elect to repay 5% of the original principal amount of the March Debentures in cash or, in lieu thereof, the conversion price of such debentures will thereafter be 85% of the volume weighted average price at the time of conversion. In the event the Company does not elect to pay such amortization amounts in cash, each investor, in their sole discretion, may increase the conversion amount subject to the alternative conversion price by up to four times the amortization amount. The March Debentures contain customary affirmative and negative covenants. The conversion prices are subject to reset in the event of offerings or other issuances of common stock, or rights to purchase common stock, at a price below the then conversion price, as well as other customary anti-dilution protections as more fully described in the debentures.

On October 30, 2017, the Company agreed to amend the March Debentures and March Warrants to remove the floor in the anti-dilution provisions therein. The conversion price of the March Debentures and the exercise price of the March Warrants as of June 30, 2018 stated above reflect the amendment as well as other adjustments for dilutive issuances, which triggered the down round provisions in the March Debentures and March Warrants. The March Debentures are secured by all the Company’s assets and are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company’s subsidiaries. Between March 22, 2017 and June 30, 2018, holders of the March Debentures converted an aggregate of $13,134,779 of these debentures into 1,137,095,969 shares of common stock.

The exercise prices of the March Warrants issued relating to the March Debentures are subject to reset in the event of offerings or other issuances of common stock, or rights to purchase common stock, at a price below the then exercise price, as well as other customary anti-dilution protections. Because of these provisions, both the March Debentures and the March Warrants were deemed to be not indexed to the Company’s common stock, and the Company recognized derivative liabilities for the embedded conversion feature of the March Debentures and the March Warrants in the original amount of $15.3 million and $41.3 million, respectively. The Company recognized a discount for 100% of the principal value of the March Debentures and non-cash interest expense in the amount of $43.7 million regarding the recognition of these derivative liabilities. Because of the adoption of ASU 2017-11 in the second quarter of 2017, the interest expense and derivative liability originally recognized were adjusted and extinguished during the three months ended June 30, 2017. See Note 1 for the adoption of ASU 2017-11 for the retrospective adjustments made to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with respect to the derivative liabilities associated with these debentures and warrants.

June 2017 Offerings

In June 2017, the Company issued debentures due three months from the date of issuance in two issuances (collectively, the “June Debentures”) and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock (33,333 warrants in the June 2, 2017 transaction and 66,667 in the June 22, 2017 transaction), which can be exercised at any time after nine months at an exercise price of $5.85 per share for the June 2, 2017 warrants and $5.70 per share for the June 22, 2017 warrants (collectively the “June Warrants”), to accredited investors for a purchase price of $1,902,700 and proceeds to the Company of $1.5 million. The Company recorded a discount on the debentures of $107,700 which has been fully amortized. As more fully discussed below, on July 17, 2017, the June Debentures were exchanged.

July 2017 Offerings

On July 17, 2017, the Company closed an offering of $4,136,862 aggregate principal amount of Original Issue Discount Debentures due October 17, 2017 (the “July Debentures”) and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 141,333 shares of common stock (the “July Warrants”) for consideration of $2,000,000 in cash and the exchange of the full $1,902,700 aggregate principal amount of the June Debentures. Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company was required to hold a stockholders’ meeting to obtain stockholder approval for at least a 1-for-8 reverse split of the Company’s common stock on or before September 20, 2017. Accordingly, the Company’s stockholders approved a reverse stock split on September 20, 2017 and the Company effected a 1-for-15 reverse stock split of its common stock on October 5, 2017, as further discussed in Note 1. The July Debentures were guaranteed by substantially all the subsidiaries of the Company pursuant to a Subsidiary Guarantee in favor of the holders of the July Debentures. As more fully discussed below, on September 19, 2017, the July Debentures were exchanged for $6.4 million of exchange debentures.

The July Warrants are exercisable into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time from and after six months from the closing date at an exercise price of $5.63 per common share (subject to adjustment). The July Warrants will terminate five years after they become exercisable.

September 2017 Offerings

On September 19, 2017, the Company closed an offering of $2,604,000 principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue Discount Convertible Debentures due September 19, 2019 (the “New Debentures”) and three series of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 34,677,585 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Series A Warrants,” the “Series B Warrants,” and the “Series C Warrants,” and collectively, the “September Warrants”). The offering was pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2017 (the “Purchase Agreement”), between the Company and certain existing institutional investors of the Company. The Company received proceeds of $2,100,000 from the offering.

Also on September 19, 2017, the Company closed exchanges by which the holders of the Company’s July Debentures exchanged $4,136,862 principal amount of such debentures for $6,412,136 principal number of new debentures on the same items as, and pari passu with, the New Debentures (the “September Exchange Debentures” and, together with the New Debentures, the “September Debentures”). The Company recorded non-cash interest expense in the amount of $1.0 million because of this exchange. All issuance amounts of the September Debentures reflect a 24% original issue discount.

The September Debentures contain customary affirmative and negative covenants. The conversion price is subject to “full ratchet” and other customary anti-dilution protections as more fully described in the debentures. The September Debentures may be converted at any time into shares of the Company’s common stock. Originally, the September Debentures begin to amortize monthly commencing on October 1, 2017, and for the first three amortization dates, the amortization amount was $100,000. On October 19, 2017, the September Debentures were amended so that they began to amortize immediately. On each monthly amortization date, the Company may elect to repay 5% of the original principal amount of September Debentures in cash or, in lieu thereof, the conversion price of such September Debentures shall thereafter be 85% of the volume weighted average price at the time of conversion, but not less than the floor of $0.78 per share. In the event the Company does not elect to pay such amortization amounts in cash, each investor, in their sole discretion, may increase the conversion amount subject to the alternative conversion price by up to four times the amortization amount. On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into exchange agreements (“Exchange Agreements”) with the holders of the September Debentures to provide that the holders may, from time to time, exchange their September Debentures for shares of a newly-authorized Series I-2 Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Series I-2 Preferred Stock”). On February 8, 2018, $1,384,556 of the September Debentures were exchanged for 1,730.1 shares of Series I-2 Preferred Stock and the Company recorded a loss on the exchange of $651,562. The Series I-2 Preferred Stock is more fully discussed in Note 13.

At June 30, 2018, the Series A Warrants are exercisable for an aggregate of 11,559,195 shares of the Company’s common stock. They are immediately exercisable and have a term of exercise equal to five years. The Series B Warrants are exercisable for an aggregate of 11,559,195 shares of the Company’s common stock and are exercisable for a period of 18 months commencing immediately. At June 30, 2018, the Series C Warrants are exercisable for an aggregate of 11,559,195 shares of the Company’s common stock, and have a term of five years provided such Series C Warrants shall only vest if, when and to the extent that the holders exercise the Series B Warrants. The September Warrants have a fixed exercise price, subject to a floor of $0.78 per share. At June 30, 2018, the exercise price was $0.78 per share, which reflects adjustments made pursuant to their terms due to the down round provisions in the September Warrants. The September Warrants are subject to “full ratchet” and other customary anti-dilution protections.

The Company’s obligations under the September Debentures are secured by a security interest in all of the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ assets, pursuant to the terms of the Security Agreement, dated as of March 20, 2017.

2018 Offerings

On March 5, 2018, May 14, 2018, May 21, 2018 and June 28, 2018, the Company closed offerings of $6,810,000 aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue Discount Convertible Debentures due September 19, 2019. The Company received proceeds of $5,500,000 in the offerings net of the original issue discount of $1,310,000. The terms of these debentures are the same as those issued in September 2017 under the Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2017, as more fully described above, with the exception of the floor conversion price, which is $0.052 per share. These debentures may also be exchanged for shares of the Company’s Series I-2 Preferred Stock under the terms of the Exchange Agreements.

During the year ended December 31, 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company realized approximately $21.2 million in proceeds from the issuances of the debentures and warrants. At June 30, 2018, the unamortized discounts were $7.3 million. These discounts represent original issue discounts, the relative fair value of the warrants issued with the debentures and the relative fair value of the beneficial conversion features of the debentures. During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded approximately $7.1 million and approximately $9.9 million of non-cash interest and amortization of debt discount expense primarily in connection with the debentures and warrants.

See Note 13 for summarized information related to warrants issued and the activity during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

See Notes 3 and 13 for a discussion of the dilutive effect of the outstanding debentures and warrants as of June 30, 2018.